ITIE MORNING CHRONICLE. THURSDAY. MAY 11, 1854.
PARLIAMENTARY BUSINESS.
H O U S E OF COMMONS- T h is D a y .
O rders op the D at.
Stannaries Court (No. 2) Bills—Second reading.
Highways (District Surveyors) Bill—Second reading.
Gaminghouses Bill—Second reading.
Witnesses Bill—Committee.
Oxford University Bill—Committee.
Church Building Acts Amendment Bill—Committee.
Manning the Navy Bill—Second reading.
Navy Pay, a& c., Bill—Second reading.
Railway and Canal TralUc ltcgulatUn Bill—As amended, to be
considered.
Ways and Means—Report.
N otices op Motions.
Mr. Wilson Patten—That the staudin? order of the house, made
ou the 22d day of February la*t, t> e suspendedv in reference to tl.e
petition for the Tees Conservancy B ill; anil that leave be given to
briatf in the bill, and to read the same a first time.
Colonel Harcourt—To ask the President of the Poor-law Board,
whether there Is anything in the law as it now stauds, or iu the
orders of the Poor-law Commissioners, to prevent the guardians of
the poor from giving, If they think flt, out-door relief to the desti
tute wife and child of any soldier, sailor, or marine in her Majesty's
service. To ask whether six women per company being th*
number who,with their families, are by the regulations of the army
permitted to embatk with their husbands on foreign service, the
Government will ob|ect to grant to those of that number who
have been prevented from going out on the present occasion by
the exigencies of the service, the same allowance of half rations
for the women, and quarter rations for the children, which they
would hove had if they had gone out.
Mr. Thomas Karmic—'To a*k the Chancellor of the Exchequer
whether he will state the amount subscribed for Ihc Exchequcr-
bonds described ai Bond A, payable at par on the 3th May, 1$X »8,
up t« two o'clock ou the 8th instant; distinguishing the amount
of subscription payable in money aud that payable in Exchequer*
bills ; and whether the deposit of 10 per cent, was paid before two
o'clock on the Stli Inst, ou the whole amount so subscribed, aud,
if not, what was the extent of the deficiency. Also, whether any
subscriptions have been accepted for the bond B, ending on 8th
May, I860, and for the boud C, ending on 8th May, 1860 ; and, if
so, to what extent for each description.
Mr. Miles—To ask the Secretary of State for the Homo Depart
ment, wheu it is his intention to introduce his bill for the estab
lishment of a general county police, of which ho has given notice.
To ask the Secretary of Stato for the Home Department, when it
is his intention to introduce his bill tor encouraging voluntarily
established industrial reformatories for criminal children,of which
he has given notice.
Mr. Portal—To present a petition from the inhabitants of Fy-
field, in Hampshire, complaining of the manner iu which the
|»atronage of the rectory of that parish, in the gift of the Lord
Chancellor, has le^n of late years disposed o f; and to call the atten
tion of Lord John Ku>ssll and the U nder-Secrctary for the Colonies
to the subject.
Mr. Adderley—Beer and Spirits—Th"t this house do resolve
iUelf into a committee to consider the laws regulating the sale of
beer and spirits.
Mr. Hume—Slave Trade (Cuba)—Address for copies or extracts
of the correspondence between the Spaaish Government and
her Majesty's Government, respecting the abolition of the slave
trade to, and respecting any modification of the slave trade within,
the Island of Cuba, since the report of the select committee of
1 8 5 3 .
Mr. Hume—Commissariat—Return showing the total number
of ofllcora and subordinate persons of the commissariat establish
ment employed at each separate post at the several stations enu
merated in the return laid before the select committee on army
and ordnance expenditure, for each of the yearn 1851, 1$5*2. and
1853, (in continuation of return, No. 152, page 1098, of the report
printed the 1st day of August, 1850); and showing, also, in addi
tion, for the same years, the number of rations issued by the com
missariat, the amount of force, and the total cost of the commis
sariat establishment at each post for each of the same years, in
parallel columns.
Mr. Stanley—That the petition of George Hearsou [presented
27th February last], be printed in full with the votes, portions
only having been printed by the public petitions committoo.
Mr. Digby Seymour— Liberty of the Subject—Bill to at«end the
act 5 (S George III., c. 100, for better sccuriug the liberty of the
subject.
Mr. Fitzroy—Select committee on Divorce Bills—Mr. Sotheron,
Sir John Yards Buller, Sir John Pakiuirton, Mr. Walpole, Mr. Head-
lam, Mr. Bonham-Carter, Mr. Robert Phillimore, Mr. Vernon
Smith, and Mr. Freahfleld.
The Lord Advocate—Sherifffe of Chancery (Scotland)—That the
house do resolve iu>elf into a committee to consider of the introduc
tion of a hill to provide for payment of the salaries of the shoritT
and sheriff clerk of Chancery, in Scotland.
Mr. Frcwcn—Return iu a tabular form of the expenses in con
nection with Lewes Gaol.
lu committee on Oxford University Bill—Sir W. Heathcote, Mr.
Rotindell Palmer, Mr. Mowbray, Mr. Granville Vernon, Mr. Wal
pole, Mr. Blackett, Mr. Horsman, Mr. Apsley PcNat-t, Mr. Ewart,
Mr. VVigram, Mr. Ileywood, Mr. Hume, Mr. Keating, Mr. Phinn,
Mr. Wise, and Mr. Gonlhum, to move amendments ; Mr. Bowyer,
Mr Chancellor of the Exchequer, and Mr. Phinn, to move clauses.
On consideration of Railway and Canal Traffic Regulation Bill—
Mr. Oliveira, to move a clause.
i
THE MALT TAX.
HOUSE OF COMMONS—TrESDAT.
Kiflh resolution read a second time :—" 5 . That, towards raising
a supply granted to her Majesty, there shall bo charged, raised,
Ivvicu, collected, and paid, upon the several goods and commo
dities hereinafter mentioned and described, tho several duties
if excise respectively specified and set forth, that is to say—
Mult: For aud upon every bushel imperial standard measure,
»ud so in proportion for any greater or less quantity of malt,
which after the 8th day of Slarch, 1854. shall be made in any
I art of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, from
barley or any other corn or grain (except malt made for
koine consumption in Scotland and Ireland respectively
from bear or bigg only), or which after the said day
shall be brought from • Scotland into England or Ire-
Isnd without a certificate from the proper officer that it hath
paid the full duty of excise imposed thereon by law, or which
after the M aid day »hall be brought from Ireland into England
V _ * ' f,‘,‘ ••'•'v ..f in | i* * 1 1 < .f
THE RO YAL FORESTS.—No. L
To t u k EDITOR o f t h b M ORNING CHRONICLE.
S i r — When a late eminent conveyancer, having occupicd
the Court of Chaucery for a week or two with some abstruse
point of legal lore, announced one afternoon that, with his
lordship's permission, he would resume bis argument the
next day, Lord Eldon meekly replied that he would prefer
devoting the short remainder of bis life to considering what
had already been said. Mr. Drummond, as unmerciful as
t!*e learned counsel, has now obtained a select committee,
** to inquire into the present management and condition of
the Crown forests in England, with a view of ascertaining the
responsibility of the present commissioners, and whether it
would be for tho public interest that some of tho smaller
forests should be sold, as being unfit for the growth of tim
ber for her Majesty's navy/*
Tnose who hsvo endeavoured to avail themselves of the
information already accessible might, perhaps, be disposed
to join iu Lord Eldou*>i deprecation of further inflictions;
and it would really be well, if the usages of Parliament per
mit, that some honourable member should move, by way of
instruction to the committee, that they inquire and report
to the house how many persons, and who, by name and ad
dress, have read any, and which, of tiie following publics
tions :—
Kvport of Committee ef 1847-8, 1,000 pages and upwards.
Report of Committee of 1849, 900 „ „
Thirty-first Report of Woodland Forests, 600 „
It is true tiial the last-mentioned document does uot r < -
late exclusively to the subject in question ; but, on the othei
hand, there are several, not here enumerated, which have
within the la*t few years contributed to the edification of
those interested In the matter. In the course of tho present
session a Blue-book ot moderate dimensions has already
made its appearnnce, and now we are to have another com
mittee, and no doubt another bulky report, published I pre
sume with tho same design which induced Martial to write
his epigram :—
“ Ne togs cordylis, no ra&nufa desit olivis,
Aut inopem metuat sordida bfatta fumem.”
Paper is, I believe, already rising in price in consequence?
of tho war, and Messrs. Hansards' bargain with their
twelve guinea subscribers will turn out less profitable than
may have been anticipated, if such a repot t as that of 1847-8,
with its 32 expensive illustrations, be thrown into the con
tract. Some good, however, might result if these Blue-books
were—as they ought to be—charged against the land reve.
rine. for then our profit and loss account, though not more
pleasing, would be more correct, and the conclusion to 1 e
drawn would be, if possible, more obvious than it is. There
is, however, another emission of far greater importance
in the reports annually presented to Parliament, and it is
this, that no sufficient entries are made to the debit
of the concern for expenses of management. As to the sa
laries of woodmen and foresters, no doubt they are duly re
corded, and so aro the fees paid to professional men for cor
recting past blunders, and suggesting future improvements i
but who will estimate the value of the time and attention
given by the Treasury and its officers to petty and vexatious
details? If only the fees allowed to an attorney on taxation
were charged, there would be a bill of some magnitude sent
in by that office at the end of tho year. Surely, too, it is
somewhat hard, anti not, on the whole, conducive to the
public interest, that the Chancellor of tho Exchequer should
be obliged to give his personal attention to a controversy
about “ the employment of Mr. Brown,” as a sort of super
visor to assist tho Woods and Forests iu controlling mal
content subordinates. It is impossible to say how
many blue books might have to be got up be.
fore a satisfactory judgment on the 'point at issue
could be formed, but probably the high functionary
in question would have preferred spending his Christmas
vacation iu some other manner. If, however, the nation is
to set up as a dealer in “ timber, bark, faggots, &c.,** uo
doubt the shop must be duly attended to, and that not only
by journeymen and apprentices, but also by thoso whose
duty it is to overlook their proceedings.
Mr. Drummond's motion does not expressly distinguish
“ the smaller forests'* from tho greater, but probably wo shall
noterrif we assign to the former class, New Forest with New
Park Farm, and Dean Forest with High Meadow Woods ;
and the latter will then consist of Alice Holt, Woolmer, Ben,
Parkhurst, |Whi ttlewood, Salcey, Delamere, Wychwood,
Hainault, and Epping Forests, with Cliigwell Wood. The
buUr ¦utomout tho aggregate receipts
£ 142,5o9; expenses, £83,450; surplus. £59,059. Last
year’s receipts, £5,255 ; expenses, £2,646 ; surplus, £2,009.
5. D kla.MHRE Forest (Ch b sh irk).—No navy timber sup
plied between 1803 aud 1847, and none in the last year.
Aggregate receipts, £33,523; expenses, £78,936; deficit,
£45,412. List year’s receipts, £3,542; expenditure, £2,821;
surplus, £721.
6. W ychwood F orkst (O x fo rd s h ire ).— No timber tup-
p ied between 1834 and 1847, but 2,434 loads of oak in the
last year. Aggregate receipts, £43,124; expenses, £21,80$ ;
surplus, £21,261. Receipts of last year, £3,902; expense*,
£2,003; surplus, £1,899.
7. W a lth a m F orest (Essix).— No navy timber supplied
between 1810 and 1847. Aggregate receipts, £39,029 ; ex
penses, £24,692; surplus, £14,437. Receipts of last year,
£35 ; expenses, £732; deficit, £097.
8. C u o pw b llW o o d s(D u rh am ).—Nonavytimbersnpplled
between 1803 aud 1847, and none in the last year. Aggregate
receipts, £23,887 ; aggregate expenses, £25,896; deficit,
£2,008. In 1852 the Treasury were strongly impressed with
the opinion that the 6*le of these woods was tho most proper
course to be adopted, but gave way to the representations
mado by the commissioner in chsrgc. Last year, receipt*,
£1,400; expenses, £725; surplus, £(>75.
Recapitulating the several items so as to show the balance
of profit and loas between 1803 and 1847, we shall have thd
following results :—
SURPLUS.
Alice Holt and Woolmer.............................
Whittle wood and Salcey
Wychwood
Waltham
£89.350
59,059
21,201
14,437
£184,107
From this total must bo deducted payments by receivf*
on account of Whittle wood and Salcey Forests, £770 ; and
in respect of Wychwood Forest £7,586, the exp<n»e«
of a lawsuit with Lord Churchill, the ranger. Subtri
ing these items, the surplus will be reduced to £175,7M.
The total defioit will be :—
Paikhurst
Be re
Ddlamerc
Chop well Woods
> e • a e e • e e • e * e e e e e e • e e •• t ••?••••#•••••«
a • • • a •••••••(
£13,811
15,564
45,412
2,04*8
£76,7W
To this deficit must be added £2,195, for “ payment* bf
receivers ot land revenue n in respect of Delamere FVfret,
which raises it to £78,990. The account, therefore, e*l|
finally stand thus:—
Surplus .......................................... £175,751 j
Deficiency ............................................ 73,990
Net surplus ....................... £90,701
Dividing this by 44, it will appear that the clear in ^ e e f
Parkhurst, Alice Holt, Woolmer, Bere, Whittlewood, « «|«
Delaniere, and Waltham Forests, with Chopwell W *«*!§,
averaged £2,200 per annum, during the period betw< 1*4
and 1847. It is also to be noticed that there is not o*# ft*
rest, large or small, upon which the expenditure wan nul •*
lhe average more than one half of the gross receipts, *•> I tiial
there are very few in which the percentage was so tin a
s I fear that these dry details will possess little in* «•».•! f..»
your readers, but I cannot help thinking that thoew •!»#
take the trouble of looking through them will need n < « (W f
argument to convince them that it cannot bedc*u*»u f»#
the country to retain property the expenses of win i. Me#
for a long series of years been so enormous iu prop* ’!+ •*» |*
its annual returns. Parliamentary reform lias h*.».
wisely postponed, lest it should divide our council a . I iu
tract our energies. A woods and forests reform |
bolievo, not only iucrease our national resources, but at*
public officers who might be useful elsewhere, but ele »<*»
not manage property of this description as tcoooiuW+Uf
as efficiently as private purchasers would, if it |.m* I -»(•
their hands. I could have wished, therefore, that it* • M | *
ject had been taken up by the Government rather t» • i »
individual member, and I trust it will be ao at i.< . {
period. If Mr. Drummond’s committee enter into «l
some disputes between the commissioner in eherp
forests and bis subordinates, or set to work to artol
tween the professional gentlemen called in on earl, »
task will bf a laborious one; but if they are only t«
«• whether it would be for the public inter oat that »ui|
smaller forests should be sold,” I belieto they n»aj ai
satisfactory conclusion without examining a alngl# m
aud by merely reading the document* at pre*ant ant*
• I.;, r iTAnna# to male* further «i*o on ft fuluia M
N | | |
EDUCATION in ENGLAND and WALES.
The repert of the Census Commissioners on the educational
establishment* of England and Wales, and the progress ol
education, together with other statistics relating to this im
portant subject, has just been printed. Tho report itself is
most comprehensive, and the copious tables and appeudices
annexed to it make its length very considerable.
Tho report states at the commencement that the difficulties
encountered in prosecuting the inquiry were considerable,
inasmuch as, owing to delay iu giving an authoritative
interpretation to an ambiguous section of the act, it was
deemed advisable to continue tho extensive preparations
which had been already made on a purely voluntary basis'*
with respect to the filling up ef tho returns. The course
pursued was upon that principle, and 30,610 enumerators de
li\ered schedules of tho questions to upwards of 70,000 head
of schoels. When the returns were delivered, it appeared
that in many cases no information had been given :—
Stated summarily, the result of the inquiry is, that
. I_____f t • • “ -- - --
— s
, ' M ‘ ' oe" kcr W ‘'| ! 831 sho uld h,'LVfl h .n u fsvn.w! — t — -----flp * •»*> - t- ‘ I mi-* n •** *
S
(i
___ . . . . « J 1 ^ ’
turns have been received from 44,836 day schools (15,411
public and 29,425 private), from 23,137 Httuday schools,
from 1,545 evening schools fur adult*, and froiu^ 1,057 lite
rary, scientific, and mechanics* institutions. Batin addition
to the above number of schools, from which returns were
received, tho lists supplied by tho enumerators make men
tion of 1,2<)6 other day schools (107 public and l.Oki private)
and 377 other Sunday schools, from which no returns were
procurable. If we assumo that each of these last-named
schools contained, upon au average, as many scholar* as did
•ach of the schools which made returns, the ulimatc result of
a _ -j
POPULAR EDUCATION.
After this brief summary by way of introduction, the
report proceeds to trace tho progress of popular education,
which it describes as almost entirely the creation of the pre
sent century. Comparison, as the cotumiaaioners observe,
is scarcely possible between tho groups of gambling,
swearing children, whom Kaikos, of Gloucester, in 1781, with
difficulty collected at the first Sunday-sohool,and the 2,400,000
scholars who now gather with alacrity, aud even w it h*a fleet ion,
round their 318,000 teachers. In oontaaiplaling the varioVA
Ipoeiofl which have brought about ih'ahappy f>§Qll»by which
the habits of the people have been cunapii uoii«‘> improved,
It is of course impossible to a*»ign to ea« h it* p tiv* share
of influence, but agreat proportion i* attributable to the Holi
day schools, which took precedence in the e<lnr«t. • % l v m .
Religious bodies heartily embraced the plan, *i I i» > pUr«? < » f
worship is without its Sunday school. Tn«» popular day rhoal
epoch dates from 1796, when Jo»«'|»h Lam *at*r begau, lu hi*
father’s house in Southwatk, t » in*tru< t the children of the
poor. His scholars multiplied with rapidity, and ero
ho was eighteen years old ho had ninety scholars;
and before 1798 they reach**! a* .many as a thousand.
In his perplexity how to supply the wants of such
a number ho invented, or derived from Dr. Bell, the
monitorial system, which, from its simplicity, acquired great
favour. Lancaster at last became ao absorbed iu the idea of
educating tho youth of Britain, that, although meeting with
great success and patronage, from ardent and visionary
temperament, and lack of wordly prudence, his affairs be-
came embarrassed, and after many vicissitudes he departed
fur America in 1818, after having become bankrupt. Three
years, however, before ho quitted England, the development
» f bis system had passed into other hands, tho result of
ahicli was the foundation, in 1808, of the British and Fo-
n iga 8chool Society, theu called the Hoya'i LaucaBtc-
riau Institution, for Promoting the Education of the
t'hi Id ran of the Poor. In 1792, Dr Bell, superintendent of
the Military Orphan Asylum, mado an experiment
• hich ultimately led to tho ostablishment, in 1811, of the
National Socictj for Promoting the E Jucation of the Poor in
the Principles of the Established Church.
From this period the work of education advanced with
rapidity. The earliest statistics of this progress are con
tained in the Parliamentary return of 1818. At this timo the
aumber of day schools, it appears, was 19,230, at which
674,883 scholars wore receiving education. This gives a pro
portion of one iu 1725. The number of Sunday
schools at this time was 5,463, at which 477,225 scholars
attended, beiug a proportion to the number of the population
of one in 24*50. The next parliamentary returns were made in
1833, and were probably deficient about 10 per cent. This
enumeration gives the number of day schools at 38,971, and
the number of aohoiars attending them at 1,276,947, or about
_____.. ^ vvM aV V* VllVDC
should have beeu found at more efficient schools.
1 1 This would establish a proportion of 16*8 per cent, of the
total population ; 1*5 per cent, between three and five—1*6
per cent, between twelve and fifteen—aud 13*7 per ceut. be
tween live aud twelve.’*
T R A IN IN G OF TBACHBR8.
1 1 It has long b(cu obvious, to those who havo at heart the
improved instruction of the people, that the most essential
step towards the attainment of that end is tho improved con
dition of the teacher. B »th the British and the National
Societies, from the earliest period of their career, devoted
much attention to the training of efficient teachers for tho
schools connected with them. In 1818, tho former sent
out forty-five teachers ; in 1828, nearly double, viz., eighty-
seven ; in 1838, as many as 183; and iu 1852, but little ie*s,
vi*., 163. The latter socicty as early as 1811 commeticcd a
training institution, and it nowhas five such colleges con
nected specially with itself, which send out yearly about 270
teachers. Since the formation of the Committee of Council
on Education th^se colleges have greatly increased in number.
At present there are about 40 in England and Wales, sus
tained at an annual cost of about £90,000. Of these, 34
are connected with the Church of England, one belongs to
tho British and Foreign School Society, one to the
was
--- I one
Reman Catholics, one to the Wesleyan Methodists, one to tho
Congregationalists, aud one to the Voluntary School Asso
ciation. All of these, except the two laet mentioned, receive
assistance from the Parliamentary grants. The sum ex
pended from this source towards the building of these insti
tutions has b^en about £120,000, out of a total cost of about
£310,000. The training institution of the Congregationalism
cost £12,000, contributed entirely from their own resources.
The number of students who could be accommodated in
the colleges is about 2,000 ; the cost of their education
being computed at £50 per annum each for males, and £40
per annum for females. By the operation of the minutes of
council of 1846 the Government sustaius a share of the ex
pense in reference to two descriptions of such students. The
tendency of these measures is to secure that the traiuing
colleges, so far as they are under Government inspection,
shall receive direct from the elementary schools a constant
stream of students who havo given promise of ability and
show'n an aptitude for leaching. Thus is being much acce
lerated tho revolution which was gradually taking place in
the monitorial system.”
The number of teachers who had apprentices in 1851
1,173, and the number of such apprentices (pupil teacL
was 5,G07.
ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE. 1 I
With respect to the expenditure required for the efficient
education of the number of ohildron above supposed to be
ablo to attend, the commissioner observes :—
" It is not my purpose to form any estimate of the amount
of work to tie accomplished In order to obtain efficient schools
for the 3(01(»,4<J6children whom 1 have supposed to bo in a
petition to attend, Htv James Kay Hbuttleworth computes
that to provide ah education of the character contemplated
by the n»iniiU>a of 1B40 for 1,83(1,M2 acho'arv In public
school* of religious bodies would rvoulr* a hiUl annual sum
of £2,800,845 (eaoluaiv« of the coat of new aohool building*),
or au Increaac on the present annual e*|>endlturo of
£1,844,2(15. Ho question can exlat that, wbataoeter bo tho
standard of efficiency to which it may he doomed dosirablo
to raise the publio aohool*, a very heavy further outlay, both
for now erootlons and for annual support, will be required.
And scarcely less will be the outlay necessary to establish
and sustain those further institutions for promoting second
ary education, without which tho extension of mere primary
instruction cannot be of much avail. Tho questions which
most urge themselves upon the public and upon tho chief
supporters of the cause of popular cdacation are, the means
by which this necessary outlay should ho furnished.”
E X 1ST I NO EDUCATIONAL AOENCIE3.
The number of wholly self-supporting private day schools is
30,5*24, containing 721,396 scholars ; and the number of aided
publio is 15,518, contamiug 1,422,982 scholars. These form
the two great elapses of schools. The public schools may be
divided into three classes—1. Supported by general or local
taxation, of which class there are 610 schools, with 98,826
scholars ; 2. Supported by endowments, of which class there
are 3,125 schools, with 206,279 scholars; 3. Supported
by religious bodies, of whioh class there are 10,595
schools, with 1,048,851 scholars; 4. Other publio
schools*, of whioh class there are 1,081 schools,
with 109,214 scholars. The total number of publio
schools therefore is 15,411, containing 1,413,176 scho
lars, 795,632 males and 617,558 female*. In c’ass
I. there are 35 military schools, with 3,348 scholars;
14 naval schools, with 2,348 scholars; ono Woods and
Forests school, with 259 scholars; 3 corporation schools,
with 2,394 scholars ; 5*23 workhouso schools, with 38,067
scholars ; and 34 prison schools, with 2,410 scholars. In
class II. there are 566 collegiate and grammar schools, with
35,012 scholars; and 2,559 other endowed schools, with
170,667 scholars. The annual value of these endowments is
estimated at £500,000. In class III., the number of schools
has increased from 766 before 1801 to 10,595 now existing.
•4 The cost at which the schools of religious bodies are
supported may, perhaps, be gathered from the statements as
to income which were furnished with respect to 5,761 of tho
a a • • • * * *
_ _ 0
33,551 scholars. The British schools —12 schools conduct*
yon the principles of the British and Foreign School S^ci
—are important. The income of the society for the ye
last past, £15,183, and the income in 1850 of 628 Briti
schools was £59,132, including Government grants to t
amount £4,455. These schools have increased from 16 bofo
iso i ^ J
in
BAGGED SCHOOLS, &C.
M Iu 1844 there wtr* only sixteen ragged schools, havii
2,000 children, and 200 (nil voluntary) teachers. In th
year tho * Rngged School Union* was established, and
1853 there appear to have been in London alone upwards
11€ schools, with 27,676 scholars, aud 221 paid and 1,7$
voluntary teachers. According to the census returns, tl
number of ragged schools in the whole of EngUud and Wole
in 1851, was 132, containing 23,643 scholars."
The income of 79 ragged schools, containing 15,147, w.
1850, £11,065, and the income of the Ragged Bell*
Union in 1852 was about £4,000. The number of cvenir
syhools for which returns were imde was 1,545, containir
39,783 scholars, of which 27,829 were males and 11,9:
females. Intelligence, also, was received about 1,057
chanics’ libraries and scientific institutions.
SUNDAY SCHOOLS.
The total number of these schools was 23,137,
taining 2,369,039 scholars. Of these 10,427 school
with 935,892 scholars, belonged to tho Church
n • • - - - - -
in
coi
u . — - - - « ¦ > w vnui vu 1
England ; 2,590 schools, with 343,478 scholars, belonge
to the Independents ; 1,767 schools, with 186,516 scholar
to tho Baptists ; 232 schools, witn 33,254 scholars, to tli
Roman Catholics; 4,120 schools, with 429,727 scholars, i
the Original Connexion of the Wesleyan Methodists ; 1,11
schools, with 98,294 scholars, to the Primitive Methodists
962 sohools, with 112,740 scholars, to the Calvinistic Me the
diats. The numbers belonging to the other denominations ai
much smaller:—
< f One of the principal features of the Sunday school systci
is the number of teachers. Out of tho 23,137 school* whic
made returns, the number of teachers was giveu for 2l,72f
containing 2,281,344 scholars. If this proportion be apph«
to the whole number of scholars, the aggregate number <
teachers would be 318,135. This gives a proportion of 7.
scholars to one teacher ; but this must be taken subject t
the observation that in some parts of the country (more esp
oially in the north of England) a custom prevails of alterna
teaching, i.e., one set of teachers will attend the mornin
clasne*. and another *et the afternoon, or two sets teach o
alternate months. This practice, however, is generally no
diaoountonauood, ami i* gradually falling into desuetude, O
the other hand, in the infant glanse*, as m«uy aa a homlm
_ • f t • *
^ f -----, It* II
-cholart will havo on!) one t« aeher. The proj*mlion i
teacher* t" •cholera \ arin in the dill ’f^lit dcunitunatiofl*t
ihu*, in the Church of Kngland echoc!* there arc 12..I soh<
I a re on an aveiag* loa teacher ; whilst the average amour
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I . * ^ ...
V
1 1 1
nd 5,072 female
schools, which, ii
,___ No doubt they ai
mostly the masters or mistresses of national schools, (t
worthy of remark that, on the first establishment of Sunda
schools, a salaried staff of teachcrs was contemplated ; it wi
more by accident than by design that the voluntary plan i
tuition, which is now the most valuable portion of thesystcn
was introduced.**
, _ _ _f v - f VI — w •eMivfllg
Independent* i*7.8; au» >ng«i BaptiaU, 6 4 ; amongst Wi
If van M • tii H1 1 *t t hit *•!!'•''! .4 4 * I n 1 » » ^ • . » *
returned, a* being pa»d —vi*. 5,311 malea, *i
These are chiefly iu Church of Kurland sch
deed, contain 9,286 out of the lo,ott3. No
- • * a
IRELAND.
[FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.]
DUBLIN, WEDNK8DAT MORNTOti.
An analysis of the financial statemeut of tli
Chancellor of the Exchequer, taken from au articl
in T he Morning Chronicle of Tuesday, was receive
here by magnetic telegraph yesterday forenoou, au
the particulars of the iucreased taxation were soo
very generally kuown. Tho feeling amongst th
public here is, that the very heavy burdens thi
imposed are the inevitable result of a jui
and necessary war, and that the best hop
of relief is to be derived from prosecutin
that war with increased vigour and unilaggiu
euergy. In Ireland, which had heeu altogeltn
exempted from iucomc-t&x uutil last year, parti
on the grouud of poverty, the doubling of the rat
to fourteen pcnce in the'pound has produced a ver
startling effect, especially as it is coupled wit
augmented taxation on articles of exteusivo coi
sumption.
There was a slight improvement in Governtiu't:
Securities at our Stock Exchange yesterday, Lu
there was scarcely a transaction iu railways, 01
indeed, in shares of any kind.
The Corn markets aro still heavy, but prices i
all kiuds of grain arc enormously high. India
n _ _ _ _ _ _.1 « ... a 1 « ft